Atypical mycobacterial infection

Atypical mycobacterial infections are also seen with an increased frequency in patients with HIV infection. Infections with at least 12 different mycobacteria have been reported, including M. bovis and representatives of all four Runyon groups. The most common atypical mycobacterial infection is with M. avium or M. intracellulare species, the M. avium complex (MAC).

These atypical mycobacterial infections are a frequent complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or AIDS.

Lysis-centrifugation blood culture techniques should be employed in cases where prior antimicrobial therapy or fungal or atypical mycobacterial infection is suspected.

What causes atypical mycobacterial infection?

There are many different species of mycobacterium. Those that cause atypical mycobacterial infections include:

  • Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
  • Mycobacterium kansasii
  • Mycobacterium marinum
  • Mycobacterium ulcerans

What is the treatment of atypical mycobacterial infection?

Treatment of atypical mycobacterial infections depends upon the infecting organism and the severity of the infection.

Prognosis of Atypical mycobacterial infection

Because drug therapy is not easily effective, the overwhelming infections caused by these mycobacteria in AIDS patients can be fatal.

Amyloidosis
Connective tissue naevi
Dermatofibroma
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Ehler's Danlos syndrome
Elastosis perforans serpiginosa
Keloids & hypertrophic scars
Lipodystrophy
Lipoma
Mastocytoma
Neurofibroma
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Reactive perforating collagenosis
Striae (stretch marks)
Eosinophilic fasciitis
Erythema multiforme
Histiocytoses
Jessner's lymphocytic infiltrate
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Lymphocytoma cutis
Lymphomatoid papulosis
Mastocytosis
Morphoea
Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Panniculitis
Reticulohistiocytosis
Sweet's disease
Systemic sclerosis
Atypical mycobacterial infection
Granuloma faciale
Granuloma annulare
Cutaneous tuberculosis
Leprosy
Pyogenic granuloma
Sarcoidosis

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